1) The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 brought the United States and the Soviet Union to the brink of nuclear war during the Cold War.

2) The Earth's core is hotter than the surface of the Sun.

3) The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, divided the newly discovered lands outside of Europe between Spain and Portugal, leading to the colonization of the Americas.

4) The insurance industry plays a crucial role in risk management by providing financial protection against various risks, such as accidents, natural disasters, and liability claims.